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root/sound/pci/emu10k1/emupcm.c

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DEFINITIONS

This source file includes following definitions.
  1. snd_emu10k1_pcm_interrupt
  2. snd_emu10k1_pcm_ac97adc_interrupt
  3. snd_emu10k1_pcm_ac97mic_interrupt
  4. snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_interrupt
  5. snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_pointer
  6. snd_emu10k1_pcm_channel_alloc
  7. snd_emu10k1_capture_rate_reg
  8. snd_emu10k1_audigy_capture_rate_reg
  9. emu10k1_calc_pitch_target
  10. emu10k1_select_interprom
  11. emu10k1_ccis
  12. snd_emu10k1_pcm_init_voice
  13. snd_emu10k1_playback_hw_params
  14. snd_emu10k1_playback_hw_free
  15. snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_hw_free
  16. snd_emu10k1_playback_prepare
  17. snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_prepare
  18. snd_emu10k1_capture_hw_params
  19. snd_emu10k1_capture_hw_free
  20. snd_emu10k1_capture_prepare
  21. snd_emu10k1_playback_invalidate_cache
  22. snd_emu10k1_playback_prepare_voice
  23. snd_emu10k1_playback_trigger_voice
  24. snd_emu10k1_playback_stop_voice
  25. snd_emu10k1_playback_trigger
  26. snd_emu10k1_capture_trigger
  27. snd_emu10k1_playback_pointer
  28. snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_trigger
  29. snd_emu10k1_capture_pointer
  30. snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify1
  31. snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify
  32. snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_mixer_notify
  33. snd_emu10k1_pcm_free_substream
  34. snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_close
  35. snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_open
  36. snd_emu10k1_playback_open
  37. snd_emu10k1_playback_close
  38. snd_emu10k1_capture_open
  39. snd_emu10k1_capture_close
  40. snd_emu10k1_capture_mic_open
  41. snd_emu10k1_capture_mic_close
  42. snd_emu10k1_capture_efx_open
  43. snd_emu10k1_capture_efx_close
  44. snd_emu10k1_pcm
  45. snd_emu10k1_pcm_multi
  46. snd_emu10k1_pcm_mic
  47. snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask_info
  48. snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask_get
  49. snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask_put
  50. snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_irq
  51. snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_tram_poke1
  52. fx8010_pb_trans_copy
  53. snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_transfer
  54. snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_hw_params
  55. snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_hw_free
  56. snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_prepare
  57. snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_trigger
  58. snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_pointer
  59. snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_open
  60. snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_close
  61. snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx

/*
 *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
 *                   Creative Labs, Inc.
 *  Routines for control of EMU10K1 chips / PCM routines
 *  Multichannel PCM support Copyright (c) Lee Revell <rlrevell@joe-job.com>
 *
 *  BUGS:
 *    --
 *
 *  TODO:
 *    --
 *
 *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *   (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *   GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
 *
 */

#include <linux/pci.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/time.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <sound/core.h>
#include <sound/emu10k1.h>

static void snd_emu10k1_pcm_interrupt(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
                                      struct snd_emu10k1_voice *voice)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm;

        if ((epcm = voice->epcm) == NULL)
                return;
        if (epcm->substream == NULL)
                return;
#if 0
        printk("IRQ: position = 0x%x, period = 0x%x, size = 0x%x\n",
                        epcm->substream->runtime->hw->pointer(emu, epcm->substream),
                        snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(epcm->substream),
                        snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(epcm->substream));
#endif
        snd_pcm_period_elapsed(epcm->substream);
}

static void snd_emu10k1_pcm_ac97adc_interrupt(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
                                              unsigned int status)
{
#if 0
        if (status & IPR_ADCBUFHALFFULL) {
                if (emu->pcm_capture_substream->runtime->mode == SNDRV_PCM_MODE_FRAME)
                        return;
        }
#endif
        snd_pcm_period_elapsed(emu->pcm_capture_substream);
}

static void snd_emu10k1_pcm_ac97mic_interrupt(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
                                              unsigned int status)
{
#if 0
        if (status & IPR_MICBUFHALFFULL) {
                if (emu->pcm_capture_mic_substream->runtime->mode == SNDRV_PCM_MODE_FRAME)
                        return;
        }
#endif
        snd_pcm_period_elapsed(emu->pcm_capture_mic_substream);
}

static void snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_interrupt(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
                                          unsigned int status)
{
#if 0
        if (status & IPR_EFXBUFHALFFULL) {
                if (emu->pcm_capture_efx_substream->runtime->mode == SNDRV_PCM_MODE_FRAME)
                        return;
        }
#endif
        snd_pcm_period_elapsed(emu->pcm_capture_efx_substream);
}        

static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
        unsigned int ptr;

        if (!epcm->running)
                return 0;
        ptr = snd_emu10k1_ptr_read(emu, CCCA, epcm->voices[0]->number) & 0x00ffffff;
        ptr += runtime->buffer_size;
        ptr -= epcm->ccca_start_addr;
        ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;

        return ptr;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_pcm_channel_alloc(struct snd_emu10k1_pcm * epcm, int voices)
{
        int err, i;

        if (epcm->voices[1] != NULL && voices < 2) {
                snd_emu10k1_voice_free(epcm->emu, epcm->voices[1]);
                epcm->voices[1] = NULL;
        }
        for (i = 0; i < voices; i++) {
                if (epcm->voices[i] == NULL)
                        break;
        }
        if (i == voices)
                return 0; /* already allocated */

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(epcm->voices); i++) {
                if (epcm->voices[i]) {
                        snd_emu10k1_voice_free(epcm->emu, epcm->voices[i]);
                        epcm->voices[i] = NULL;
                }
        }
        err = snd_emu10k1_voice_alloc(epcm->emu,
                                      epcm->type == PLAYBACK_EMUVOICE ? EMU10K1_PCM : EMU10K1_EFX,
                                      voices,
                                      &epcm->voices[0]);
        
        if (err < 0)
                return err;
        epcm->voices[0]->epcm = epcm;
        if (voices > 1) {
                for (i = 1; i < voices; i++) {
                        epcm->voices[i] = &epcm->emu->voices[epcm->voices[0]->number + i];
                        epcm->voices[i]->epcm = epcm;
                }
        }
        if (epcm->extra == NULL) {
                err = snd_emu10k1_voice_alloc(epcm->emu,
                                              epcm->type == PLAYBACK_EMUVOICE ? EMU10K1_PCM : EMU10K1_EFX,
                                              1,
                                              &epcm->extra);
                if (err < 0) {
                        /* printk("pcm_channel_alloc: failed extra: voices=%d, frame=%d\n", voices, frame); */
                        for (i = 0; i < voices; i++) {
                                snd_emu10k1_voice_free(epcm->emu, epcm->voices[i]);
                                epcm->voices[i] = NULL;
                        }
                        return err;
                }
                epcm->extra->epcm = epcm;
                epcm->extra->interrupt = snd_emu10k1_pcm_interrupt;
        }
        return 0;
}

static unsigned int capture_period_sizes[31] = {
        384,    448,    512,    640,
        384*2,  448*2,  512*2,  640*2,
        384*4,  448*4,  512*4,  640*4,
        384*8,  448*8,  512*8,  640*8,
        384*16, 448*16, 512*16, 640*16,
        384*32, 448*32, 512*32, 640*32,
        384*64, 448*64, 512*64, 640*64,
        384*128,448*128,512*128
};

static struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list hw_constraints_capture_period_sizes = {
        .count = 31,
        .list = capture_period_sizes,
        .mask = 0
};

static unsigned int capture_rates[8] = {
        8000, 11025, 16000, 22050, 24000, 32000, 44100, 48000
};

static struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list hw_constraints_capture_rates = {
        .count = 8,
        .list = capture_rates,
        .mask = 0
};

static unsigned int snd_emu10k1_capture_rate_reg(unsigned int rate)
{
        switch (rate) {
        case 8000:      return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_8;
        case 11025:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_11;
        case 16000:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_16;
        case 22050:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_22;
        case 24000:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_24;
        case 32000:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_32;
        case 44100:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_44;
        case 48000:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_48;
        default:
                        snd_BUG();
                        return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_8;
        }
}

static unsigned int snd_emu10k1_audigy_capture_rate_reg(unsigned int rate)
{
        switch (rate) {
        case 8000:      return A_ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_8;
        case 11025:     return A_ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_11;
        case 12000:     return A_ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_12; /* really supported? */
        case 16000:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_16;
        case 22050:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_22;
        case 24000:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_24;
        case 32000:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_32;
        case 44100:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_44;
        case 48000:     return ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_48;
        default:
                        snd_BUG();
                        return A_ADCCR_SAMPLERATE_8;
        }
}

static unsigned int emu10k1_calc_pitch_target(unsigned int rate)
{
        unsigned int pitch_target;

        pitch_target = (rate << 8) / 375;
        pitch_target = (pitch_target >> 1) + (pitch_target & 1);
        return pitch_target;
}

#define PITCH_48000 0x00004000
#define PITCH_96000 0x00008000
#define PITCH_85000 0x00007155
#define PITCH_80726 0x00006ba2
#define PITCH_67882 0x00005a82
#define PITCH_57081 0x00004c1c

static unsigned int emu10k1_select_interprom(unsigned int pitch_target)
{
        if (pitch_target == PITCH_48000)
                return CCCA_INTERPROM_0;
        else if (pitch_target < PITCH_48000)
                return CCCA_INTERPROM_1;
        else if (pitch_target >= PITCH_96000)
                return CCCA_INTERPROM_0;
        else if (pitch_target >= PITCH_85000)
                return CCCA_INTERPROM_6;
        else if (pitch_target >= PITCH_80726)
                return CCCA_INTERPROM_5;
        else if (pitch_target >= PITCH_67882)
                return CCCA_INTERPROM_4;
        else if (pitch_target >= PITCH_57081)
                return CCCA_INTERPROM_3;
        else  
                return CCCA_INTERPROM_2;
}

/*
 * calculate cache invalidate size 
 *
 * stereo: channel is stereo
 * w_16: using 16bit samples
 *
 * returns: cache invalidate size in samples
 */
static inline int emu10k1_ccis(int stereo, int w_16)
{
        if (w_16) {
                return stereo ? 24 : 26;
        } else {
                return stereo ? 24*2 : 26*2;
        }
}

static void snd_emu10k1_pcm_init_voice(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu,
                                       int master, int extra,
                                       struct snd_emu10k1_voice *evoice,
                                       unsigned int start_addr,
                                       unsigned int end_addr,
                                       struct snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer *mix)
{
        struct snd_pcm_substream *substream = evoice->epcm->substream;
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        unsigned int silent_page, tmp;
        int voice, stereo, w_16;
        unsigned char attn, send_amount[8];
        unsigned char send_routing[8];
        unsigned long flags;
        unsigned int pitch_target;
        unsigned int ccis;

        voice = evoice->number;
        stereo = runtime->channels == 2;
        w_16 = snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16;

        if (!extra && stereo) {
                start_addr >>= 1;
                end_addr >>= 1;
        }
        if (w_16) {
                start_addr >>= 1;
                end_addr >>= 1;
        }

        spin_lock_irqsave(&emu->reg_lock, flags);

        /* volume parameters */
        if (extra) {
                attn = 0;
                memset(send_routing, 0, sizeof(send_routing));
                send_routing[0] = 0;
                send_routing[1] = 1;
                send_routing[2] = 2;
                send_routing[3] = 3;
                memset(send_amount, 0, sizeof(send_amount));
        } else {
                /* mono, left, right (master voice = left) */
                tmp = stereo ? (master ? 1 : 2) : 0;
                memcpy(send_routing, &mix->send_routing[tmp][0], 8);
                memcpy(send_amount, &mix->send_volume[tmp][0], 8);
        }

        ccis = emu10k1_ccis(stereo, w_16);
        
        if (master) {
                evoice->epcm->ccca_start_addr = start_addr + ccis;
                if (extra) {
                        start_addr += ccis;
                        end_addr += ccis;
                }
                if (stereo && !extra) {
                        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CPF, voice, CPF_STEREO_MASK);
                        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CPF, (voice + 1), CPF_STEREO_MASK);
                } else {
                        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CPF, voice, 0);
                }
        }

        /* setup routing */
        if (emu->audigy) {
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, A_FXRT1, voice,
                                      snd_emu10k1_compose_audigy_fxrt1(send_routing));
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, A_FXRT2, voice,
                                      snd_emu10k1_compose_audigy_fxrt2(send_routing));
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, A_SENDAMOUNTS, voice,
                                      ((unsigned int)send_amount[4] << 24) |
                                      ((unsigned int)send_amount[5] << 16) |
                                      ((unsigned int)send_amount[6] << 8) |
                                      (unsigned int)send_amount[7]);
        } else
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, FXRT, voice,
                                      snd_emu10k1_compose_send_routing(send_routing));
        /* Stop CA */
        /* Assumption that PT is already 0 so no harm overwriting */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, PTRX, voice, (send_amount[0] << 8) | send_amount[1]);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, DSL, voice, end_addr | (send_amount[3] << 24));
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, PSST, voice, start_addr | (send_amount[2] << 24));
        if (emu->card_capabilities->emu_model)
                pitch_target = PITCH_48000; /* Disable interpolators on emu1010 card */
        else 
                pitch_target = emu10k1_calc_pitch_target(runtime->rate);
        if (extra)
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CCCA, voice, start_addr |
                              emu10k1_select_interprom(pitch_target) |
                              (w_16 ? 0 : CCCA_8BITSELECT));
        else
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CCCA, voice, (start_addr + ccis) |
                              emu10k1_select_interprom(pitch_target) |
                              (w_16 ? 0 : CCCA_8BITSELECT));
        /* Clear filter delay memory */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, Z1, voice, 0);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, Z2, voice, 0);
        /* invalidate maps */
        silent_page = ((unsigned int)emu->silent_page.addr << 1) | MAP_PTI_MASK;
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, MAPA, voice, silent_page);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, MAPB, voice, silent_page);
        /* modulation envelope */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CVCF, voice, 0xffff);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, VTFT, voice, 0xffff);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, ATKHLDM, voice, 0);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, DCYSUSM, voice, 0x007f);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, LFOVAL1, voice, 0x8000);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, LFOVAL2, voice, 0x8000);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, FMMOD, voice, 0);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, TREMFRQ, voice, 0);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, FM2FRQ2, voice, 0);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, ENVVAL, voice, 0x8000);
        /* volume envelope */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, ATKHLDV, voice, 0x7f7f);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, ENVVOL, voice, 0x0000);
        /* filter envelope */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, PEFE_FILTERAMOUNT, voice, 0x7f);
        /* pitch envelope */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, PEFE_PITCHAMOUNT, voice, 0);

        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&emu->reg_lock, flags);
}

static int snd_emu10k1_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
                                          struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
        int err;

        if ((err = snd_emu10k1_pcm_channel_alloc(epcm, params_channels(hw_params))) < 0)
                return err;
        if ((err = snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params))) < 0)
                return err;
        if (err > 0) {  /* change */
                int mapped;
                if (epcm->memblk != NULL)
                        snd_emu10k1_free_pages(emu, epcm->memblk);
                epcm->memblk = snd_emu10k1_alloc_pages(emu, substream);
                epcm->start_addr = 0;
                if (! epcm->memblk)
                        return -ENOMEM;
                mapped = ((struct snd_emu10k1_memblk *)epcm->memblk)->mapped_page;
                if (mapped < 0)
                        return -ENOMEM;
                epcm->start_addr = mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_playback_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm;

        if (runtime->private_data == NULL)
                return 0;
        epcm = runtime->private_data;
        if (epcm->extra) {
                snd_emu10k1_voice_free(epcm->emu, epcm->extra);
                epcm->extra = NULL;
        }
        if (epcm->voices[1]) {
                snd_emu10k1_voice_free(epcm->emu, epcm->voices[1]);
                epcm->voices[1] = NULL;
        }
        if (epcm->voices[0]) {
                snd_emu10k1_voice_free(epcm->emu, epcm->voices[0]);
                epcm->voices[0] = NULL;
        }
        if (epcm->memblk) {
                snd_emu10k1_free_pages(emu, epcm->memblk);
                epcm->memblk = NULL;
                epcm->start_addr = 0;
        }
        snd_pcm_lib_free_pages(substream);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm;
        int i;

        if (runtime->private_data == NULL)
                return 0;
        epcm = runtime->private_data;
        if (epcm->extra) {
                snd_emu10k1_voice_free(epcm->emu, epcm->extra);
                epcm->extra = NULL;
        }
        for (i = 0; i < NUM_EFX_PLAYBACK; i++) {
                if (epcm->voices[i]) {
                        snd_emu10k1_voice_free(epcm->emu, epcm->voices[i]);
                        epcm->voices[i] = NULL;
                }
        }
        if (epcm->memblk) {
                snd_emu10k1_free_pages(emu, epcm->memblk);
                epcm->memblk = NULL;
                epcm->start_addr = 0;
        }
        snd_pcm_lib_free_pages(substream);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
        unsigned int start_addr, end_addr;

        start_addr = epcm->start_addr;
        end_addr = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
        if (runtime->channels == 2) {
                start_addr >>= 1;
                end_addr >>= 1;
        }
        end_addr += start_addr;
        snd_emu10k1_pcm_init_voice(emu, 1, 1, epcm->extra,
                                   start_addr, end_addr, NULL);
        start_addr = epcm->start_addr;
        end_addr = epcm->start_addr + snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
        snd_emu10k1_pcm_init_voice(emu, 1, 0, epcm->voices[0],
                                   start_addr, end_addr,
                                   &emu->pcm_mixer[substream->number]);
        if (epcm->voices[1])
                snd_emu10k1_pcm_init_voice(emu, 0, 0, epcm->voices[1],
                                           start_addr, end_addr,
                                           &emu->pcm_mixer[substream->number]);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
        unsigned int start_addr, end_addr;
        unsigned int channel_size;
        int i;

        start_addr = epcm->start_addr;
        end_addr = epcm->start_addr + snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);

        /*
         * the kX driver leaves some space between voices
         */
        channel_size = ( end_addr - start_addr ) / NUM_EFX_PLAYBACK;

        snd_emu10k1_pcm_init_voice(emu, 1, 1, epcm->extra,
                                   start_addr, start_addr + (channel_size / 2), NULL);

        /* only difference with the master voice is we use it for the pointer */
        snd_emu10k1_pcm_init_voice(emu, 1, 0, epcm->voices[0],
                                   start_addr, start_addr + channel_size,
                                   &emu->efx_pcm_mixer[0]);

        start_addr += channel_size;
        for (i = 1; i < NUM_EFX_PLAYBACK; i++) {
                snd_emu10k1_pcm_init_voice(emu, 0, 0, epcm->voices[i],
                                           start_addr, start_addr + channel_size,
                                           &emu->efx_pcm_mixer[i]);
                start_addr += channel_size;
        }

        return 0;
}

static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_emu10k1_efx_playback =
{
        .info =                 (SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_NONINTERLEAVED |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE),
        .formats =              SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
        .rates =                SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000,
        .rate_min =             48000,
        .rate_max =             48000,
        .channels_min =         NUM_EFX_PLAYBACK,
        .channels_max =         NUM_EFX_PLAYBACK,
        .buffer_bytes_max =     (64*1024),
        .period_bytes_min =     64,
        .period_bytes_max =     (64*1024),
        .periods_min =          2,
        .periods_max =          2,
        .fifo_size =            0,
};

static int snd_emu10k1_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
                                         struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
{
        return snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params));
}

static int snd_emu10k1_capture_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        return snd_pcm_lib_free_pages(substream);
}

static int snd_emu10k1_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
        int idx;

        /* zeroing the buffer size will stop capture */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, epcm->capture_bs_reg, 0, 0);
        switch (epcm->type) {
        case CAPTURE_AC97ADC:
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, ADCCR, 0, 0);
                break;
        case CAPTURE_EFX:
                if (emu->audigy) {
                        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, A_FXWC1, 0, 0);
                        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, A_FXWC2, 0, 0);
                } else
                        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, FXWC, 0, 0);
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }       
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, epcm->capture_ba_reg, 0, runtime->dma_addr);
        epcm->capture_bufsize = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
        epcm->capture_bs_val = 0;
        for (idx = 0; idx < 31; idx++) {
                if (capture_period_sizes[idx] == epcm->capture_bufsize) {
                        epcm->capture_bs_val = idx + 1;
                        break;
                }
        }
        if (epcm->capture_bs_val == 0) {
                snd_BUG();
                epcm->capture_bs_val++;
        }
        if (epcm->type == CAPTURE_AC97ADC) {
                epcm->capture_cr_val = emu->audigy ? A_ADCCR_LCHANENABLE : ADCCR_LCHANENABLE;
                if (runtime->channels > 1)
                        epcm->capture_cr_val |= emu->audigy ? A_ADCCR_RCHANENABLE : ADCCR_RCHANENABLE;
                epcm->capture_cr_val |= emu->audigy ?
                        snd_emu10k1_audigy_capture_rate_reg(runtime->rate) :
                        snd_emu10k1_capture_rate_reg(runtime->rate);
        }
        return 0;
}

static void snd_emu10k1_playback_invalidate_cache(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, int extra, struct snd_emu10k1_voice *evoice)
{
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
        unsigned int voice, stereo, i, ccis, cra = 64, cs, sample;

        if (evoice == NULL)
                return;
        runtime = evoice->epcm->substream->runtime;
        voice = evoice->number;
        stereo = (!extra && runtime->channels == 2);
        sample = snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16 ? 0 : 0x80808080;
        ccis = emu10k1_ccis(stereo, sample == 0);
        /* set cs to 2 * number of cache registers beside the invalidated */
        cs = (sample == 0) ? (32-ccis) : (64-ccis+1) >> 1;
        if (cs > 16) cs = 16;
        for (i = 0; i < cs; i++) {
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CD0 + i, voice, sample);
                if (stereo) {
                        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CD0 + i, voice + 1, sample);
                }
        }
        /* reset cache */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CCR_CACHEINVALIDSIZE, voice, 0);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CCR_READADDRESS, voice, cra);
        if (stereo) {
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CCR_CACHEINVALIDSIZE, voice + 1, 0);
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CCR_READADDRESS, voice + 1, cra);
        }
        /* fill cache */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CCR_CACHEINVALIDSIZE, voice, ccis);
        if (stereo) {
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CCR_CACHEINVALIDSIZE, voice+1, ccis);
        }
}

static void snd_emu10k1_playback_prepare_voice(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, struct snd_emu10k1_voice *evoice,
                                               int master, int extra,
                                               struct snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer *mix)
{
        struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
        unsigned int attn, vattn;
        unsigned int voice, tmp;

        if (evoice == NULL)     /* skip second voice for mono */
                return;
        substream = evoice->epcm->substream;
        runtime = substream->runtime;
        voice = evoice->number;

        attn = extra ? 0 : 0x00ff;
        tmp = runtime->channels == 2 ? (master ? 1 : 2) : 0;
        vattn = mix != NULL ? (mix->attn[tmp] << 16) : 0;
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, IFATN, voice, attn);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, VTFT, voice, vattn | 0xffff);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CVCF, voice, vattn | 0xffff);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, DCYSUSV, voice, 0x7f7f);
        snd_emu10k1_voice_clear_loop_stop(emu, voice);
}       

static void snd_emu10k1_playback_trigger_voice(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, struct snd_emu10k1_voice *evoice, int master, int extra)
{
        struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
        unsigned int voice, pitch, pitch_target;

        if (evoice == NULL)     /* skip second voice for mono */
                return;
        substream = evoice->epcm->substream;
        runtime = substream->runtime;
        voice = evoice->number;

        pitch = snd_emu10k1_rate_to_pitch(runtime->rate) >> 8;
        if (emu->card_capabilities->emu_model)
                pitch_target = PITCH_48000; /* Disable interpolators on emu1010 card */
        else 
                pitch_target = emu10k1_calc_pitch_target(runtime->rate);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, PTRX_PITCHTARGET, voice, pitch_target);
        if (master || evoice->epcm->type == PLAYBACK_EFX)
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CPF_CURRENTPITCH, voice, pitch_target);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, IP, voice, pitch);
        if (extra)
                snd_emu10k1_voice_intr_enable(emu, voice);
}

static void snd_emu10k1_playback_stop_voice(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, struct snd_emu10k1_voice *evoice)
{
        unsigned int voice;

        if (evoice == NULL)
                return;
        voice = evoice->number;
        snd_emu10k1_voice_intr_disable(emu, voice);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, PTRX_PITCHTARGET, voice, 0);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CPF_CURRENTPITCH, voice, 0);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, IFATN, voice, 0xffff);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, VTFT, voice, 0xffff);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, CVCF, voice, 0xffff);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, IP, voice, 0);
}

static int snd_emu10k1_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
                                        int cmd)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer *mix;
        int result = 0;

        /* printk("trigger - emu10k1 = 0x%x, cmd = %i, pointer = %i\n", (int)emu, cmd, substream->ops->pointer(substream)); */
        spin_lock(&emu->reg_lock);
        switch (cmd) {
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
                snd_emu10k1_playback_invalidate_cache(emu, 1, epcm->extra);     /* do we need this? */
                snd_emu10k1_playback_invalidate_cache(emu, 0, epcm->voices[0]);
                /* follow thru */
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE:
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
                mix = &emu->pcm_mixer[substream->number];
                snd_emu10k1_playback_prepare_voice(emu, epcm->voices[0], 1, 0, mix);
                snd_emu10k1_playback_prepare_voice(emu, epcm->voices[1], 0, 0, mix);
                snd_emu10k1_playback_prepare_voice(emu, epcm->extra, 1, 1, NULL);
                snd_emu10k1_playback_trigger_voice(emu, epcm->voices[0], 1, 0);
                snd_emu10k1_playback_trigger_voice(emu, epcm->voices[1], 0, 0);
                snd_emu10k1_playback_trigger_voice(emu, epcm->extra, 1, 1);
                epcm->running = 1;
                break;
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
                epcm->running = 0;
                snd_emu10k1_playback_stop_voice(emu, epcm->voices[0]);
                snd_emu10k1_playback_stop_voice(emu, epcm->voices[1]);
                snd_emu10k1_playback_stop_voice(emu, epcm->extra);
                break;
        default:
                result = -EINVAL;
                break;
        }
        spin_unlock(&emu->reg_lock);
        return result;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_capture_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
                                       int cmd)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
        int result = 0;

        spin_lock(&emu->reg_lock);
        switch (cmd) {
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
                /* hmm this should cause full and half full interrupt to be raised? */
                outl(epcm->capture_ipr, emu->port + IPR);
                snd_emu10k1_intr_enable(emu, epcm->capture_inte);
                /* printk("adccr = 0x%x, adcbs = 0x%x\n", epcm->adccr, epcm->adcbs); */
                switch (epcm->type) {
                case CAPTURE_AC97ADC:
                        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, ADCCR, 0, epcm->capture_cr_val);
                        break;
                case CAPTURE_EFX:
                        if (emu->audigy) {
                                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, A_FXWC1, 0, epcm->capture_cr_val);
                                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, A_FXWC2, 0, epcm->capture_cr_val2);
                                snd_printdd("cr_val=0x%x, cr_val2=0x%x\n", epcm->capture_cr_val, epcm->capture_cr_val2);
                        } else
                                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, FXWC, 0, epcm->capture_cr_val);
                        break;
                default:        
                        break;
                }
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, epcm->capture_bs_reg, 0, epcm->capture_bs_val);
                epcm->running = 1;
                epcm->first_ptr = 1;
                break;
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
                epcm->running = 0;
                snd_emu10k1_intr_disable(emu, epcm->capture_inte);
                outl(epcm->capture_ipr, emu->port + IPR);
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, epcm->capture_bs_reg, 0, 0);
                switch (epcm->type) {
                case CAPTURE_AC97ADC:
                        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, ADCCR, 0, 0);
                        break;
                case CAPTURE_EFX:
                        if (emu->audigy) {
                                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, A_FXWC1, 0, 0);
                                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, A_FXWC2, 0, 0);
                        } else
                                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, FXWC, 0, 0);
                        break;
                default:
                        break;
                }
                break;
        default:
                result = -EINVAL;
        }
        spin_unlock(&emu->reg_lock);
        return result;
}

static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_emu10k1_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
        unsigned int ptr;

        if (!epcm->running)
                return 0;
        ptr = snd_emu10k1_ptr_read(emu, CCCA, epcm->voices[0]->number) & 0x00ffffff;
#if 0   /* Perex's code */
        ptr += runtime->buffer_size;
        ptr -= epcm->ccca_start_addr;
        ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;
#else   /* EMU10K1 Open Source code from Creative */
        if (ptr < epcm->ccca_start_addr)
                ptr += runtime->buffer_size - epcm->ccca_start_addr;
        else {
                ptr -= epcm->ccca_start_addr;
                if (ptr >= runtime->buffer_size)
                        ptr -= runtime->buffer_size;
        }
#endif
        /* printk("ptr = 0x%x, buffer_size = 0x%x, period_size = 0x%x\n", ptr, runtime->buffer_size, runtime->period_size); */
        return ptr;
}


static int snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
                                        int cmd)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
        int i;
        int result = 0;

        spin_lock(&emu->reg_lock);
        switch (cmd) {
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
                /* prepare voices */
                for (i = 0; i < NUM_EFX_PLAYBACK; i++) {        
                        snd_emu10k1_playback_invalidate_cache(emu, 0, epcm->voices[i]);
                }
                snd_emu10k1_playback_invalidate_cache(emu, 1, epcm->extra);

                /* follow thru */
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE:
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
                snd_emu10k1_playback_prepare_voice(emu, epcm->extra, 1, 1, NULL);
                snd_emu10k1_playback_prepare_voice(emu, epcm->voices[0], 0, 0,
                                                   &emu->efx_pcm_mixer[0]);
                for (i = 1; i < NUM_EFX_PLAYBACK; i++)
                        snd_emu10k1_playback_prepare_voice(emu, epcm->voices[i], 0, 0,
                                                           &emu->efx_pcm_mixer[i]);
                snd_emu10k1_playback_trigger_voice(emu, epcm->voices[0], 0, 0);
                snd_emu10k1_playback_trigger_voice(emu, epcm->extra, 1, 1);
                for (i = 1; i < NUM_EFX_PLAYBACK; i++)
                        snd_emu10k1_playback_trigger_voice(emu, epcm->voices[i], 0, 0);
                epcm->running = 1;
                break;
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
                epcm->running = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < NUM_EFX_PLAYBACK; i++) {        
                        snd_emu10k1_playback_stop_voice(emu, epcm->voices[i]);
                }
                snd_emu10k1_playback_stop_voice(emu, epcm->extra);
                break;
        default:
                result = -EINVAL;
                break;
        }
        spin_unlock(&emu->reg_lock);
        return result;
}


static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_emu10k1_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
        unsigned int ptr;

        if (!epcm->running)
                return 0;
        if (epcm->first_ptr) {
                udelay(50);     /* hack, it takes awhile until capture is started */
                epcm->first_ptr = 0;
        }
        ptr = snd_emu10k1_ptr_read(emu, epcm->capture_idx_reg, 0) & 0x0000ffff;
        return bytes_to_frames(runtime, ptr);
}

/*
 *  Playback support device description
 */

static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_emu10k1_playback =
{
        .info =                 (SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE),
        .formats =              SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
        .rates =                SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_96000,
        .rate_min =             4000,
        .rate_max =             96000,
        .channels_min =         1,
        .channels_max =         2,
        .buffer_bytes_max =     (128*1024),
        .period_bytes_min =     64,
        .period_bytes_max =     (128*1024),
        .periods_min =          1,
        .periods_max =          1024,
        .fifo_size =            0,
};

/*
 *  Capture support device description
 */

static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_emu10k1_capture =
{
        .info =                 (SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
        .formats =              SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
        .rates =                SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
        .rate_min =             8000,
        .rate_max =             48000,
        .channels_min =         1,
        .channels_max =         2,
        .buffer_bytes_max =     (64*1024),
        .period_bytes_min =     384,
        .period_bytes_max =     (64*1024),
        .periods_min =          2,
        .periods_max =          2,
        .fifo_size =            0,
};

static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_emu10k1_capture_efx =
{
        .info =                 (SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
        .formats =              SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
        .rates =                SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000 | 
                                 SNDRV_PCM_RATE_88200 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000 | 
                                 SNDRV_PCM_RATE_176400 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000,
        .rate_min =             44100,
        .rate_max =             192000,
        .channels_min =         8,
        .channels_max =         8,
        .buffer_bytes_max =     (64*1024),
        .period_bytes_min =     384,
        .period_bytes_max =     (64*1024),
        .periods_min =          2,
        .periods_max =          2,
        .fifo_size =            0,
};

/*
 *
 */

static void snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify1(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, int idx, int activate)
{
        struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;

        if (! kctl)
                return;
        if (activate)
                kctl->vd[idx].access &= ~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
        else
                kctl->vd[idx].access |= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
        snd_ctl_notify(emu->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE |
                       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO,
                       snd_ctl_build_ioff(&id, kctl, idx));
}

static void snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, int idx, int activate)
{
        snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify1(emu, emu->ctl_send_routing, idx, activate);
        snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify1(emu, emu->ctl_send_volume, idx, activate);
        snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify1(emu, emu->ctl_attn, idx, activate);
}

static void snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_mixer_notify(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, int idx, int activate)
{
        snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify1(emu, emu->ctl_efx_send_routing, idx, activate);
        snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify1(emu, emu->ctl_efx_send_volume, idx, activate);
        snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify1(emu, emu->ctl_efx_attn, idx, activate);
}

static void snd_emu10k1_pcm_free_substream(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
{
        kfree(runtime->private_data);
}

static int snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer *mix;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < NUM_EFX_PLAYBACK; i++) {
                mix = &emu->efx_pcm_mixer[i];
                mix->epcm = NULL;
                snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_mixer_notify(emu, i, 0);
        }
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer *mix;
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        int i;

        epcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*epcm), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (epcm == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;
        epcm->emu = emu;
        epcm->type = PLAYBACK_EFX;
        epcm->substream = substream;
        
        emu->pcm_playback_efx_substream = substream;

        runtime->private_data = epcm;
        runtime->private_free = snd_emu10k1_pcm_free_substream;
        runtime->hw = snd_emu10k1_efx_playback;
        
        for (i = 0; i < NUM_EFX_PLAYBACK; i++) {
                mix = &emu->efx_pcm_mixer[i];
                mix->send_routing[0][0] = i;
                memset(&mix->send_volume, 0, sizeof(mix->send_volume));
                mix->send_volume[0][0] = 255;
                mix->attn[0] = 0xffff;
                mix->epcm = epcm;
                snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_mixer_notify(emu, i, 1);
        }
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer *mix;
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        int i, err;

        epcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*epcm), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (epcm == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;
        epcm->emu = emu;
        epcm->type = PLAYBACK_EMUVOICE;
        epcm->substream = substream;
        runtime->private_data = epcm;
        runtime->private_free = snd_emu10k1_pcm_free_substream;
        runtime->hw = snd_emu10k1_playback;
        if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0) {
                kfree(epcm);
                return err;
        }
        if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, 256, UINT_MAX)) < 0) {
                kfree(epcm);
                return err;
        }
        mix = &emu->pcm_mixer[substream->number];
        for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
                mix->send_routing[0][i] = mix->send_routing[1][i] = mix->send_routing[2][i] = i;
        memset(&mix->send_volume, 0, sizeof(mix->send_volume));
        mix->send_volume[0][0] = mix->send_volume[0][1] =
        mix->send_volume[1][0] = mix->send_volume[2][1] = 255;
        mix->attn[0] = mix->attn[1] = mix->attn[2] = 0xffff;
        mix->epcm = epcm;
        snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify(emu, substream->number, 1);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer *mix = &emu->pcm_mixer[substream->number];

        mix->epcm = NULL;
        snd_emu10k1_pcm_mixer_notify(emu, substream->number, 0);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm;

        epcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*epcm), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (epcm == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;
        epcm->emu = emu;
        epcm->type = CAPTURE_AC97ADC;
        epcm->substream = substream;
        epcm->capture_ipr = IPR_ADCBUFFULL|IPR_ADCBUFHALFFULL;
        epcm->capture_inte = INTE_ADCBUFENABLE;
        epcm->capture_ba_reg = ADCBA;
        epcm->capture_bs_reg = ADCBS;
        epcm->capture_idx_reg = emu->audigy ? A_ADCIDX : ADCIDX;
        runtime->private_data = epcm;
        runtime->private_free = snd_emu10k1_pcm_free_substream;
        runtime->hw = snd_emu10k1_capture;
        emu->capture_interrupt = snd_emu10k1_pcm_ac97adc_interrupt;
        emu->pcm_capture_substream = substream;
        snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, &hw_constraints_capture_period_sizes);
        snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, &hw_constraints_capture_rates);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);

        emu->capture_interrupt = NULL;
        emu->pcm_capture_substream = NULL;
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_capture_mic_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm;
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;

        epcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*epcm), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (epcm == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;
        epcm->emu = emu;
        epcm->type = CAPTURE_AC97MIC;
        epcm->substream = substream;
        epcm->capture_ipr = IPR_MICBUFFULL|IPR_MICBUFHALFFULL;
        epcm->capture_inte = INTE_MICBUFENABLE;
        epcm->capture_ba_reg = MICBA;
        epcm->capture_bs_reg = MICBS;
        epcm->capture_idx_reg = emu->audigy ? A_MICIDX : MICIDX;
        substream->runtime->private_data = epcm;
        substream->runtime->private_free = snd_emu10k1_pcm_free_substream;
        runtime->hw = snd_emu10k1_capture;
        runtime->hw.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000;
        runtime->hw.rate_min = runtime->hw.rate_max = 8000;
        runtime->hw.channels_min = 1;
        emu->capture_mic_interrupt = snd_emu10k1_pcm_ac97mic_interrupt;
        emu->pcm_capture_mic_substream = substream;
        snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, &hw_constraints_capture_period_sizes);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_capture_mic_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);

        emu->capture_interrupt = NULL;
        emu->pcm_capture_mic_substream = NULL;
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_capture_efx_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_pcm *epcm;
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        int nefx = emu->audigy ? 64 : 32;
        int idx;

        epcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*epcm), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (epcm == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;
        epcm->emu = emu;
        epcm->type = CAPTURE_EFX;
        epcm->substream = substream;
        epcm->capture_ipr = IPR_EFXBUFFULL|IPR_EFXBUFHALFFULL;
        epcm->capture_inte = INTE_EFXBUFENABLE;
        epcm->capture_ba_reg = FXBA;
        epcm->capture_bs_reg = FXBS;
        epcm->capture_idx_reg = FXIDX;
        substream->runtime->private_data = epcm;
        substream->runtime->private_free = snd_emu10k1_pcm_free_substream;
        runtime->hw = snd_emu10k1_capture_efx;
        runtime->hw.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000;
        runtime->hw.rate_min = runtime->hw.rate_max = 48000;
        spin_lock_irq(&emu->reg_lock);
        if (emu->card_capabilities->emu_model) {
                /*  Nb. of channels has been increased to 16 */
                /* TODO
                 * SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE
                 * SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000 |
                 * SNDRV_PCM_RATE_88200 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000 |
                 * SNDRV_PCM_RATE_176400 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000
                 * rate_min = 44100,
                 * rate_max = 192000,
                 * channels_min = 16,
                 * channels_max = 16,
                 * Need to add mixer control to fix sample rate
                 *                 
                 * There are 32 mono channels of 16bits each.
                 * 24bit Audio uses 2x channels over 16bit
                 * 96kHz uses 2x channels over 48kHz
                 * 192kHz uses 4x channels over 48kHz
                 * So, for 48kHz 24bit, one has 16 channels
                 * for 96kHz 24bit, one has 8 channels
                 * for 192kHz 24bit, one has 4 channels
                 *
                 */
#if 1
                switch (emu->emu1010.internal_clock) {
                case 0:
                        /* For 44.1kHz */
                        runtime->hw.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100;
                        runtime->hw.rate_min = runtime->hw.rate_max = 44100;
                        runtime->hw.channels_min =
                                runtime->hw.channels_max = 16;
                        break;
                case 1:
                        /* For 48kHz */
                        runtime->hw.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000;
                        runtime->hw.rate_min = runtime->hw.rate_max = 48000;
                        runtime->hw.channels_min =
                                runtime->hw.channels_max = 16;
                        break;
                };
#endif
#if 0
                /* For 96kHz */
                runtime->hw.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000;
                runtime->hw.rate_min = runtime->hw.rate_max = 96000;
                runtime->hw.channels_min = runtime->hw.channels_max = 4;
#endif
#if 0
                /* For 192kHz */
                runtime->hw.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000;
                runtime->hw.rate_min = runtime->hw.rate_max = 192000;
                runtime->hw.channels_min = runtime->hw.channels_max = 2;
#endif
                runtime->hw.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE;
                /* efx_voices_mask[0] is expected to be zero
                 * efx_voices_mask[1] is expected to have 32bits set
                 */
        } else {
                runtime->hw.channels_min = runtime->hw.channels_max = 0;
                for (idx = 0; idx < nefx; idx++) {
                        if (emu->efx_voices_mask[idx/32] & (1 << (idx%32))) {
                                runtime->hw.channels_min++;
                                runtime->hw.channels_max++;
                        }
                }
        }
        epcm->capture_cr_val = emu->efx_voices_mask[0];
        epcm->capture_cr_val2 = emu->efx_voices_mask[1];
        spin_unlock_irq(&emu->reg_lock);
        emu->capture_efx_interrupt = snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_interrupt;
        emu->pcm_capture_efx_substream = substream;
        snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, &hw_constraints_capture_period_sizes);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_capture_efx_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);

        emu->capture_interrupt = NULL;
        emu->pcm_capture_efx_substream = NULL;
        return 0;
}

static struct snd_pcm_ops snd_emu10k1_playback_ops = {
        .open =                 snd_emu10k1_playback_open,
        .close =                snd_emu10k1_playback_close,
        .ioctl =                snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
        .hw_params =            snd_emu10k1_playback_hw_params,
        .hw_free =              snd_emu10k1_playback_hw_free,
        .prepare =              snd_emu10k1_playback_prepare,
        .trigger =              snd_emu10k1_playback_trigger,
        .pointer =              snd_emu10k1_playback_pointer,
        .page =                 snd_pcm_sgbuf_ops_page,
};

static struct snd_pcm_ops snd_emu10k1_capture_ops = {
        .open =                 snd_emu10k1_capture_open,
        .close =                snd_emu10k1_capture_close,
        .ioctl =                snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
        .hw_params =            snd_emu10k1_capture_hw_params,
        .hw_free =              snd_emu10k1_capture_hw_free,
        .prepare =              snd_emu10k1_capture_prepare,
        .trigger =              snd_emu10k1_capture_trigger,
        .pointer =              snd_emu10k1_capture_pointer,
};

/* EFX playback */
static struct snd_pcm_ops snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_ops = {
        .open =                 snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_open,
        .close =                snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_close,
        .ioctl =                snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
        .hw_params =            snd_emu10k1_playback_hw_params,
        .hw_free =              snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_hw_free,
        .prepare =              snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_prepare,
        .trigger =              snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_trigger,
        .pointer =              snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_pointer,
        .page =                 snd_pcm_sgbuf_ops_page,
};

int __devinit snd_emu10k1_pcm(struct snd_emu10k1 * emu, int device, struct snd_pcm ** rpcm)
{
        struct snd_pcm *pcm;
        struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
        int err;

        if (rpcm)
                *rpcm = NULL;

        if ((err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1", device, 32, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
                return err;

        pcm->private_data = emu;

        snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_emu10k1_playback_ops);
        snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_emu10k1_capture_ops);

        pcm->info_flags = 0;
        pcm->dev_subclass = SNDRV_PCM_SUBCLASS_GENERIC_MIX;
        strcpy(pcm->name, "ADC Capture/Standard PCM Playback");
        emu->pcm = pcm;

        for (substream = pcm->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].substream; substream; substream = substream->next)
                if ((err = snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages(substream, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG, snd_dma_pci_data(emu->pci), 64*1024, 64*1024)) < 0)
                        return err;

        for (substream = pcm->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].substream; substream; substream = substream->next)
                snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages(substream, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, snd_dma_pci_data(emu->pci), 64*1024, 64*1024);

        if (rpcm)
                *rpcm = pcm;

        return 0;
}

int __devinit snd_emu10k1_pcm_multi(struct snd_emu10k1 * emu, int device, struct snd_pcm ** rpcm)
{
        struct snd_pcm *pcm;
        struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
        int err;

        if (rpcm)
                *rpcm = NULL;

        if ((err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1", device, 1, 0, &pcm)) < 0)
                return err;

        pcm->private_data = emu;

        snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_emu10k1_efx_playback_ops);

        pcm->info_flags = 0;
        pcm->dev_subclass = SNDRV_PCM_SUBCLASS_GENERIC_MIX;
        strcpy(pcm->name, "Multichannel Playback");
        emu->pcm_multi = pcm;

        for (substream = pcm->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].substream; substream; substream = substream->next)
                if ((err = snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages(substream, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG, snd_dma_pci_data(emu->pci), 64*1024, 64*1024)) < 0)
                        return err;

        if (rpcm)
                *rpcm = pcm;

        return 0;
}


static struct snd_pcm_ops snd_emu10k1_capture_mic_ops = {
        .open =                 snd_emu10k1_capture_mic_open,
        .close =                snd_emu10k1_capture_mic_close,
        .ioctl =                snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
        .hw_params =            snd_emu10k1_capture_hw_params,
        .hw_free =              snd_emu10k1_capture_hw_free,
        .prepare =              snd_emu10k1_capture_prepare,
        .trigger =              snd_emu10k1_capture_trigger,
        .pointer =              snd_emu10k1_capture_pointer,
};

int __devinit snd_emu10k1_pcm_mic(struct snd_emu10k1 * emu, int device, struct snd_pcm ** rpcm)
{
        struct snd_pcm *pcm;
        int err;

        if (rpcm)
                *rpcm = NULL;

        if ((err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1 mic", device, 0, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
                return err;

        pcm->private_data = emu;

        snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_emu10k1_capture_mic_ops);

        pcm->info_flags = 0;
        strcpy(pcm->name, "Mic Capture");
        emu->pcm_mic = pcm;

        snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages_for_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, snd_dma_pci_data(emu->pci), 64*1024, 64*1024);

        if (rpcm)
                *rpcm = pcm;
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
        int nefx = emu->audigy ? 64 : 32;
        uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
        uinfo->count = nefx;
        uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
        uinfo->value.integer.max = 1;
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
        int nefx = emu->audigy ? 64 : 32;
        int idx;
        
        spin_lock_irq(&emu->reg_lock);
        for (idx = 0; idx < nefx; idx++)
                ucontrol->value.integer.value[idx] = (emu->efx_voices_mask[idx / 32] & (1 << (idx % 32))) ? 1 : 0;
        spin_unlock_irq(&emu->reg_lock);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
        unsigned int nval[2], bits;
        int nefx = emu->audigy ? 64 : 32;
        int nefxb = emu->audigy ? 7 : 6;
        int change, idx;
        
        nval[0] = nval[1] = 0;
        for (idx = 0, bits = 0; idx < nefx; idx++)
                if (ucontrol->value.integer.value[idx]) {
                        nval[idx / 32] |= 1 << (idx % 32);
                        bits++;
                }
                
        for (idx = 0; idx < nefxb; idx++)
                if (1 << idx == bits)
                        break;
        
        if (idx >= nefxb)
                return -EINVAL;

        spin_lock_irq(&emu->reg_lock);
        change = (nval[0] != emu->efx_voices_mask[0]) ||
                (nval[1] != emu->efx_voices_mask[1]);
        emu->efx_voices_mask[0] = nval[0];
        emu->efx_voices_mask[1] = nval[1];
        spin_unlock_irq(&emu->reg_lock);
        return change;
}

static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask = {
        .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
        .name = "Captured FX8010 Outputs",
        .info = snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask_info,
        .get = snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask_get,
        .put = snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask_put
};

static struct snd_pcm_ops snd_emu10k1_capture_efx_ops = {
        .open =                 snd_emu10k1_capture_efx_open,
        .close =                snd_emu10k1_capture_efx_close,
        .ioctl =                snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
        .hw_params =            snd_emu10k1_capture_hw_params,
        .hw_free =              snd_emu10k1_capture_hw_free,
        .prepare =              snd_emu10k1_capture_prepare,
        .trigger =              snd_emu10k1_capture_trigger,
        .pointer =              snd_emu10k1_capture_pointer,
};


/* EFX playback */

#define INITIAL_TRAM_SHIFT     14
#define INITIAL_TRAM_POS(size) ((((size) / 2) - INITIAL_TRAM_SHIFT) - 1)

static void snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_irq(struct snd_emu10k1 *emu, void *private_data)
{
        struct snd_pcm_substream *substream = private_data;
        snd_pcm_period_elapsed(substream);
}

static void snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_tram_poke1(unsigned short *dst_left,
                                                   unsigned short *dst_right,
                                                   unsigned short *src,
                                                   unsigned int count,
                                                   unsigned int tram_shift)
{
        /* printk("tram_poke1: dst_left = 0x%p, dst_right = 0x%p, src = 0x%p, count = 0x%x\n", dst_left, dst_right, src, count); */
        if ((tram_shift & 1) == 0) {
                while (count--) {
                        *dst_left-- = *src++;
                        *dst_right-- = *src++;
                }
        } else {
                while (count--) {
                        *dst_right-- = *src++;
                        *dst_left-- = *src++;
                }
        }
}

static void fx8010_pb_trans_copy(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
                                 struct snd_pcm_indirect *rec, size_t bytes)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_fx8010_pcm *pcm = &emu->fx8010.pcm[substream->number];
        unsigned int tram_size = pcm->buffer_size;
        unsigned short *src = (unsigned short *)(substream->runtime->dma_area + rec->sw_data);
        unsigned int frames = bytes >> 2, count;
        unsigned int tram_pos = pcm->tram_pos;
        unsigned int tram_shift = pcm->tram_shift;

        while (frames > tram_pos) {
                count = tram_pos + 1;
                snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_tram_poke1((unsigned short *)emu->fx8010.etram_pages.area + tram_pos,
                                                       (unsigned short *)emu->fx8010.etram_pages.area + tram_pos + tram_size / 2,
                                                       src, count, tram_shift);
                src += count * 2;
                frames -= count;
                tram_pos = (tram_size / 2) - 1;
                tram_shift++;
        }
        snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_tram_poke1((unsigned short *)emu->fx8010.etram_pages.area + tram_pos,
                                               (unsigned short *)emu->fx8010.etram_pages.area + tram_pos + tram_size / 2,
                                               src, frames, tram_shift);
        tram_pos -= frames;
        pcm->tram_pos = tram_pos;
        pcm->tram_shift = tram_shift;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_transfer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_fx8010_pcm *pcm = &emu->fx8010.pcm[substream->number];

        snd_pcm_indirect_playback_transfer(substream, &pcm->pcm_rec, fx8010_pb_trans_copy);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
                                                 struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
{
        return snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params));
}

static int snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_fx8010_pcm *pcm = &emu->fx8010.pcm[substream->number];
        unsigned int i;

        for (i = 0; i < pcm->channels; i++)
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, TANKMEMADDRREGBASE + 0x80 + pcm->etram[i], 0, 0);
        snd_pcm_lib_free_pages(substream);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_fx8010_pcm *pcm = &emu->fx8010.pcm[substream->number];
        unsigned int i;
        
        /* printk("prepare: etram_pages = 0x%p, dma_area = 0x%x, buffer_size = 0x%x (0x%x)\n", emu->fx8010.etram_pages, runtime->dma_area, runtime->buffer_size, runtime->buffer_size << 2); */
        memset(&pcm->pcm_rec, 0, sizeof(pcm->pcm_rec));
        pcm->pcm_rec.hw_buffer_size = pcm->buffer_size * 2; /* byte size */
        pcm->pcm_rec.sw_buffer_size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
        pcm->tram_pos = INITIAL_TRAM_POS(pcm->buffer_size);
        pcm->tram_shift = 0;
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, emu->gpr_base + pcm->gpr_running, 0, 0);     /* reset */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, emu->gpr_base + pcm->gpr_trigger, 0, 0);     /* reset */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, emu->gpr_base + pcm->gpr_size, 0, runtime->buffer_size);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, emu->gpr_base + pcm->gpr_ptr, 0, 0);         /* reset ptr number */
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, emu->gpr_base + pcm->gpr_count, 0, runtime->period_size);
        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, emu->gpr_base + pcm->gpr_tmpcount, 0, runtime->period_size);
        for (i = 0; i < pcm->channels; i++)
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, TANKMEMADDRREGBASE + 0x80 + pcm->etram[i], 0, (TANKMEMADDRREG_READ|TANKMEMADDRREG_ALIGN) + i * (runtime->buffer_size / pcm->channels));
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_fx8010_pcm *pcm = &emu->fx8010.pcm[substream->number];
        int result = 0;

        spin_lock(&emu->reg_lock);
        switch (cmd) {
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
                /* follow thru */
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE:
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
#ifdef EMU10K1_SET_AC3_IEC958
        {
                int i;
                for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
                        unsigned int bits;
                        bits = SPCS_CLKACCY_1000PPM | SPCS_SAMPLERATE_48 |
                               SPCS_CHANNELNUM_LEFT | SPCS_SOURCENUM_UNSPEC | SPCS_GENERATIONSTATUS |
                               0x00001200 | SPCS_EMPHASIS_NONE | SPCS_COPYRIGHT | SPCS_NOTAUDIODATA;
                        snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, SPCS0 + i, 0, bits);
                }
        }
#endif
                result = snd_emu10k1_fx8010_register_irq_handler(emu, snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_irq, pcm->gpr_running, substream, &pcm->irq);
                if (result < 0)
                        goto __err;
                snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_transfer(substream);        /* roll the ball */
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, emu->gpr_base + pcm->gpr_trigger, 0, 1);
                break;
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
                snd_emu10k1_fx8010_unregister_irq_handler(emu, pcm->irq); pcm->irq = NULL;
                snd_emu10k1_ptr_write(emu, emu->gpr_base + pcm->gpr_trigger, 0, 0);
                pcm->tram_pos = INITIAL_TRAM_POS(pcm->buffer_size);
                pcm->tram_shift = 0;
                break;
        default:
                result = -EINVAL;
                break;
        }
      __err:
        spin_unlock(&emu->reg_lock);
        return result;
}

static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_fx8010_pcm *pcm = &emu->fx8010.pcm[substream->number];
        size_t ptr; /* byte pointer */

        if (!snd_emu10k1_ptr_read(emu, emu->gpr_base + pcm->gpr_trigger, 0))
                return 0;
        ptr = snd_emu10k1_ptr_read(emu, emu->gpr_base + pcm->gpr_ptr, 0) << 2;
        return snd_pcm_indirect_playback_pointer(substream, &pcm->pcm_rec, ptr);
}

static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback =
{
        .info =                 (SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
                                 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
                                 /* SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID | */ SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE),
        .formats =              SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
        .rates =                SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000,
        .rate_min =             48000,
        .rate_max =             48000,
        .channels_min =         1,
        .channels_max =         1,
        .buffer_bytes_max =     (128*1024),
        .period_bytes_min =     1024,
        .period_bytes_max =     (128*1024),
        .periods_min =          1,
        .periods_max =          1024,
        .fifo_size =            0,
};

static int snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
        struct snd_emu10k1_fx8010_pcm *pcm = &emu->fx8010.pcm[substream->number];

        runtime->hw = snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback;
        runtime->hw.channels_min = runtime->hw.channels_max = pcm->channels;
        runtime->hw.period_bytes_max = (pcm->buffer_size * 2) / 2;
        spin_lock_irq(&emu->reg_lock);
        if (pcm->valid == 0) {
                spin_unlock_irq(&emu->reg_lock);
                return -ENODEV;
        }
        pcm->opened = 1;
        spin_unlock_irq(&emu->reg_lock);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
{
        struct snd_emu10k1 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
        struct snd_emu10k1_fx8010_pcm *pcm = &emu->fx8010.pcm[substream->number];

        spin_lock_irq(&emu->reg_lock);
        pcm->opened = 0;
        spin_unlock_irq(&emu->reg_lock);
        return 0;
}

static struct snd_pcm_ops snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_ops = {
        .open =                 snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_open,
        .close =                snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_close,
        .ioctl =                snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
        .hw_params =            snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_hw_params,
        .hw_free =              snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_hw_free,
        .prepare =              snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_prepare,
        .trigger =              snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_trigger,
        .pointer =              snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_pointer,
        .ack =                  snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_transfer,
};

int __devinit snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx(struct snd_emu10k1 * emu, int device, struct snd_pcm ** rpcm)
{
        struct snd_pcm *pcm;
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        int err;

        if (rpcm)
                *rpcm = NULL;

        if ((err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "emu10k1 efx", device, 8, 1, &pcm)) < 0)
                return err;

        pcm->private_data = emu;

        snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_emu10k1_fx8010_playback_ops);
        snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_emu10k1_capture_efx_ops);

        pcm->info_flags = 0;
        strcpy(pcm->name, "Multichannel Capture/PT Playback");
        emu->pcm_efx = pcm;
        if (rpcm)
                *rpcm = pcm;

        /* EFX capture - record the "FXBUS2" channels, by default we connect the EXTINs 
         * to these
         */     
        
        /* emu->efx_voices_mask[0] = FXWC_DEFAULTROUTE_C | FXWC_DEFAULTROUTE_A; */
        if (emu->audigy) {
                emu->efx_voices_mask[0] = 0;
                if (emu->card_capabilities->emu_model)
                        /* Pavel Hofman - 32 voices will be used for
                         * capture (write mode) -
                         * each bit = corresponding voice
                         */
                        emu->efx_voices_mask[1] = 0xffffffff;
                else
                        emu->efx_voices_mask[1] = 0xffff;
        } else {
                emu->efx_voices_mask[0] = 0xffff0000;
                emu->efx_voices_mask[1] = 0;
        }
        /* For emu1010, the control has to set 32 upper bits (voices)
         * out of the 64 bits (voices) to true for the 16-channels capture
         * to work correctly. Correct A_FXWC2 initial value (0xffffffff)
         * is already defined but the snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask
         * control can override this register's value.
         */
        kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask, emu);
        if (!kctl)
                return -ENOMEM;
        kctl->id.device = device;
        snd_ctl_add(emu->card, kctl);

        snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages_for_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, snd_dma_pci_data(emu->pci), 64*1024, 64*1024);

        return 0;
}

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